Evidence of covalent synergy in silicon–sulfur–graphene yielding highly efficient and long-life lithium-ion batteries

Fathy M. Hassan, Rasim Batmaz, Jingde Li, Xiaolei Wang, Xingcheng Xiao (), Aiping Yu and Zhongwei Chen ()
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Fathy M. Hassan: University of Waterloo
Rasim Batmaz: University of Waterloo
Jingde Li: University of Waterloo
Xiaolei Wang: University of Waterloo
Xingcheng Xiao: Chemical and Materials Systems, General Motors Global Research and Development Center
Aiping Yu: University of Waterloo
Zhongwei Chen: University of Waterloo

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Silicon has the potential to revolutionize the energy storage capacities of lithium-ion batteries to meet the ever increasing power demands of next generation technologies. To avoid the operational stability problems of silicon-based anodes, we propose synergistic physicochemical alteration of electrode structures during their design. This capitalizes on covalent interaction of Si nanoparticles with sulfur-doped graphene and with cyclized polyacrylonitrile to provide a robust nanoarchitecture. This hierarchical structure stabilized the solid electrolyte interphase leading to superior reversible capacity of over 1,000 mAh g−1 for 2,275 cycles at 2 A g−1. Furthermore, the nanoarchitectured design lowered the contact of the electrolyte to the electrode leading to not only high coulombic efficiency of 99.9% but also maintaining high stability even with high electrode loading associated with 3.4 mAh cm−2. The excellent performance combined with the simplistic, scalable and non-hazardous approach render the process as a very promising candidate for Li-ion battery technology.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9597

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