Aqueous multiphoton lithography with multifunctional silk-centred bio-resists

Yun-Lu Sun, Qi Li, Si-Ming Sun, Jing-Chun Huang, Bo-Yuan Zheng, Qi-Dai Chen (), Zheng-Zhong Shao () and Hong-Bo Sun ()
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Yun-Lu Sun: State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Qi Li: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University
Si-Ming Sun: State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Jing-Chun Huang: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University
Bo-Yuan Zheng: State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Qi-Dai Chen: State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Zheng-Zhong Shao: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University
Hong-Bo Sun: State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Silk and silk fibroin, the biomaterial from nature, nowadays are being widely utilized in many cutting-edge micro/nanodevices/systems via advanced micro/nanofabrication techniques. Herein, for the first time to our knowledge, we report aqueous multiphoton lithography of diversiform-regenerated-silk-fibroin-centric inks using noncontact and maskless femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW). Initially, silk fibroin was FsLDW-crosslinked into arbitrary two/three-dimensional micro/nanostructures with good elastic properties merely using proper photosensitizers. More interestingly, silk/metal composite micro/nanodevices with multidimension-controllable metal content can be FsLDW-customized through laser-induced simultaneous fibroin oxidation/crosslinking and metal photoreduction using the simplest silk/Ag+ or silk/[AuCl4]− aqueous resists. Noticeably, during FsLDW, fibroin functions as biological reductant and matrix, while metal ions act as the oxidant. A FsLDW-fabricated prototyping silk/Ag microelectrode exhibited 104-Ω−1m−1-scale adjustable electric conductivity. This work not only provides a powerful development to silk micro/nanoprocessing techniques but also creates a novel way to fabricate multifunctional metal/biomacromolecule complex micro/nanodevices for applications such as micro/nanoscale mechanical and electrical bioengineering and biosystems.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9612

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