Sources of heterogeneous variability and trends in Antarctic sea-ice

Richard J. Matear (), Terence J. O’Kane, James S. Risbey and Matt Chamberlain
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Richard J. Matear: CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere
Terence J. O’Kane: CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere
James S. Risbey: CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere
Matt Chamberlain: CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract While the Northern Hemisphere sea-ice has uniformly declined over the past several decades, the observed sea-ice in the Southern Hemisphere has exhibited regions of increase and decrease. Here we use a comprehensive set of ocean–sea-ice simulations (1990–2007) to elucidate the drivers of the observed heterogeneous sea-ice trends. We show wind variability is an important determinant of the heterogeneous pattern of the variability and trends in Southern Hemisphere sea-ice. Only in the West Pacific region does Southern Annular Mode wind forcing contribute significantly to the trend in sea-ice duration. El Niño Southern Oscillation wind forcing contribution to the sea-ice duration trend is confined to the Atlantic and Pacific. In the Indian Ocean, weather is a significant driver of the sea-ice duration trend. Only in the East Pacific region is wind forcing alone insufficient to give rise to the observed sea-ice decline and must be augmented by warming to reproduce the observations.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9656

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