Targeted drug delivery using genetically engineered diatom biosilica

Bahman Delalat, Vonda C. Sheppard, Soraya Rasi Ghaemi, Shasha Rao, Clive A. Prestidge, Gordon McPhee, Mary-Louise Rogers, Jacqueline F. Donoghue, Vinochani Pillay, Terrance G. Johns, Nils Kröger () and Nicolas H. Voelcker ()
Additional contact information
Bahman Delalat: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
Vonda C. Sheppard: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
Soraya Rasi Ghaemi: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
Shasha Rao: School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences , University of South Australia
Clive A. Prestidge: School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences , University of South Australia
Gordon McPhee: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
Mary-Louise Rogers: Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University
Jacqueline F. Donoghue: Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory and Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research
Vinochani Pillay: Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory and Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research
Terrance G. Johns: Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory and Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research
Nils Kröger: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
Nicolas H. Voelcker: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The ability to selectively kill cancerous cell populations while leaving healthy cells unaffected is a key goal in anticancer therapeutics. The use of nanoporous silica-based materials as drug-delivery vehicles has recently proven successful, yet production of these materials requires costly and toxic chemicals. Here we use diatom microalgae-derived nanoporous biosilica to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to cancer cells. The diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana is genetically engineered to display an IgG-binding domain of protein G on the biosilica surface, enabling attachment of cell-targeting antibodies. Neuroblastoma and B-lymphoma cells are selectively targeted and killed by biosilica displaying specific antibodies sorbed with drug-loaded nanoparticles. Treatment with the same biosilica leads to tumour growth regression in a subcutaneous mouse xenograft model of neuroblastoma. These data indicate that genetically engineered biosilica frustules may be used as versatile ‘backpacks’ for the targeted delivery of poorly water-soluble anticancer drugs to tumour sites.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9791

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