Fluid shear triggers microvilli formation via mechanosensitive activation of TRPV6

Shigenori Miura, Koji Sato, Midori Kato-Negishi, Tetsuhiko Teshima and Shoji Takeuchi ()
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Shigenori Miura: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
Koji Sato: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
Midori Kato-Negishi: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
Tetsuhiko Teshima: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
Shoji Takeuchi: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Microvilli are cellular membrane protrusions present on differentiated epithelial cells, which can sense and interact with the surrounding fluid environment. Biochemical and genetic approaches have identified a set of factors involved in microvilli formation; however, the underlying extrinsic regulatory mechanism of microvilli formation remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that fluid shear stress (FSS), an external mechanical cue, serves as a trigger for microvilli formation in human placental trophoblastic cells. We further reveal that the transient receptor potential, vanilloid family type-6 (TRPV6) calcium ion channel plays a critical role in flow-induced Ca2+ influx and microvilli formation. TRPV6 regulates phosphorylation of Ezrin via a Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation of Akt; this molecular event is necessary for microvillar localization of Ezrin in response to FSS. Our findings provide molecular insight into the microvilli-mediated mechanoresponsive cellular functions, such as epithelial absorption, signal perception and mechanotransduction.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9871

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