Novel role for anti-Müllerian hormone in the regulation of GnRH neuron excitability and hormone secretion

Irene Cimino, Filippo Casoni, Xinhuai Liu, Andrea Messina, Jyoti Parkash, Soazik P. Jamin, Sophie Catteau-Jonard, Francis Collier, Marc Baroncini, Didier Dewailly, Pascal Pigny, Mel Prescott, Rebecca Campbell, Allan E. Herbison, Vincent Prevot and Paolo Giacobini ()
Additional contact information
Irene Cimino: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Filippo Casoni: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Xinhuai Liu: University of Otago School of Medical Sciences
Andrea Messina: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Jyoti Parkash: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Soazik P. Jamin: Inserm U1085-IRSET, Université de Rennes 1
Sophie Catteau-Jonard: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Francis Collier: University of Lille, FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine and SFR DN2M
Marc Baroncini: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Didier Dewailly: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Pascal Pigny: University of Lille, FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine and SFR DN2M
Mel Prescott: University of Otago School of Medical Sciences
Rebecca Campbell: University of Otago School of Medical Sciences
Allan E. Herbison: University of Otago School of Medical Sciences
Vincent Prevot: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172
Paolo Giacobini: Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, U1172

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays crucial roles in sexual differentiation and gonadal functions. However, the possible extragonadal effects of AMH on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis remain unexplored. Here we demonstrate that a significant subset of GnRH neurons both in mice and humans express the AMH receptor, and that AMH potently activates the GnRH neuron firing in mice. Combining in vivo and in vitro experiments, we show that AMH increases GnRH-dependent LH pulsatility and secretion, supporting a central action of AMH on GnRH neurons. Increased LH pulsatility is an important pathophysiological feature in many cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common cause of female infertility, in which circulating AMH levels are also often elevated. However, the origin of this dysregulation remains unknown. Our findings raise the intriguing hypothesis that AMH-dependent regulation of GnRH release could be involved in the pathophysiology of fertility and could hold therapeutic potential for treating PCOS.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10055

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