Systematic identification of genes with a cancer-testis expression pattern in 19 cancer types

Cheng Wang, Yayun Gu, Kai Zhang, Kaipeng Xie, Meng Zhu, Ningbin Dai, Yue Jiang, Xuejiang Guo, Mingxi Liu, Juncheng Dai, Linxiang Wu, Guangfu Jin, Hongxia Ma, Tao Jiang, Rong Yin, Yankai Xia, Li Liu, Shouyu Wang, Bin Shen, Ran Huo, Qianghu Wang, Lin Xu, Liuqing Yang, Xingxu Huang, Hongbing Shen (), Jiahao Sha () and Zhibin Hu ()
Additional contact information
Cheng Wang: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Yayun Gu: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Kai Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Kaipeng Xie: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Meng Zhu: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Ningbin Dai: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Yue Jiang: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Xuejiang Guo: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Mingxi Liu: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Juncheng Dai: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Linxiang Wu: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University
Guangfu Jin: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Hongxia Ma: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Tao Jiang: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Rong Yin: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital
Yankai Xia: Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University
Li Liu: Digestive Endoscopy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Shouyu Wang: Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University
Bin Shen: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Ran Huo: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Qianghu Wang: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University
Lin Xu: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital
Liuqing Yang: Cancer Biology Program, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Xingxu Huang: School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University
Hongbing Shen: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Jiahao Sha: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University
Zhibin Hu: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Cancer-testis (CT) genes represent the similarity between the processes of spermatogenesis and tumorigenesis. It is possible that their selective expression pattern can help identify driver genes in cancer. In this study, we integrate transcriptomics data from multiple databases and systematically identify 876 new CT genes in 19 cancer types. We explore their relationship with testis-specific regulatory elements. We propose that extremely highly expressed CT genes (EECTGs) are potential drivers activated through epigenetic mechanisms. We find mutually exclusive associations between EECTGs and somatic mutations in mutated genes, such as PIK3CA in breast cancer. We also provide evidence that promoter demethylation and close non-coding RNAs (namely, CT-ncRNAs) may be two mechanisms to reactivate EECTG gene expression. We show that the meiosis-related EECTG (MEIOB) and its nearby CT-ncRNA have a role in tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. Our findings provide methods for identifying epigenetic-driver genes of cancer, which could serve as targets of future cancer therapies.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10499

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