GABAergic interneurons form transient layer-specific circuits in early postnatal neocortex

Paul G. Anastasiades, Andre Marques-Smith, Daniel Lyngholm, Tom Lickiss, Sayda Raffiq, Dennis Kätzel, Gero Miesenböck and Simon J. B. Butt ()
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Paul G. Anastasiades: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
Andre Marques-Smith: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
Daniel Lyngholm: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
Tom Lickiss: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
Sayda Raffiq: Centre for Neuroscience, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London
Dennis Kätzel: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
Gero Miesenböck: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
Simon J. B. Butt: Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract GABAergic interneurons play key roles in cortical circuits, yet little is known about their early connectivity. Here we use glutamate uncaging and a novel optogenetic strategy to track changes in the afferent and efferent synaptic connections of developing neocortical interneuron subtypes. We find that Nkx2-1-derived interneurons possess functional synaptic connections before emerging pyramidal cell networks. Subsequent interneuron circuit maturation is both subtype and layer dependent. Glutamatergic input onto fast spiking (FS), but not somatostatin-positive, non-FS interneurons increases over development. Interneurons of both subtype located in layers (L) 4 and 5b engage in transient circuits that disappear after the somatosensory critical period. These include a pathway mediated by L5b somatostatin-positive interneurons that specifically targets L4 during the first postnatal week. The innervation patterns of immature cortical interneuron circuits are thus neither static nor progressively strengthened but follow a layer-specific choreography of transient connections that differ from those of the adult brain.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10584

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