Mucosal immunoglobulins at respiratory surfaces mark an ancient association that predates the emergence of tetrapods

Zhen Xu, Fumio Takizawa, David Parra, Daniela Gómez, Louise von Gersdorff Jørgensen, Scott E. LaPatra and J. Oriol Sunyer ()
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Zhen Xu: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 413 Rosenthal building, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
Fumio Takizawa: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 413 Rosenthal building, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
David Parra: Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Daniela Gómez: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 413 Rosenthal building, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
Louise von Gersdorff Jørgensen: Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen
Scott E. LaPatra: Clear Springs Foods Inc.
J. Oriol Sunyer: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 413 Rosenthal building, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Gas-exchange structures are critical for acquiring oxygen, but they also represent portals for pathogen entry. Local mucosal immunoglobulin responses against pathogens in specialized respiratory organs have only been described in tetrapods. Since fish gills are considered a mucosal surface, we hypothesized that a dedicated mucosal immunoglobulin response would be generated within its mucosa on microbial exposure. Supporting this hypothesis, here we demonstrate that following pathogen exposure, IgT+ B cells proliferate and generate pathogen-specific IgT within the gills of fish, thus providing the first example of locally induced immunoglobulin in the mucosa of a cold-blooded species. Moreover, we demonstrate that gill microbiota is predominantly coated with IgT, thus providing previously unappreciated evidence that the microbiota present at a respiratory surface of a vertebrate is recognized by a mucosal immunoglobulin. Our findings indicate that respiratory surfaces and mucosal immunoglobulins are part of an ancient association that predates the emergence of tetrapods.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10728

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