The presence of extra chromosomes leads to genomic instability

Verena Passerini, Efrat Ozeri-Galai, Mirjam S. de Pagter, Neysan Donnelly, Sarah Schmalbrock, Wigard P. Kloosterman, Batsheva Kerem () and Zuzana Storchová ()
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Verena Passerini: Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18
Efrat Ozeri-Galai: The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram
Mirjam S. de Pagter: Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100
Neysan Donnelly: Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18
Sarah Schmalbrock: Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18
Wigard P. Kloosterman: Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100
Batsheva Kerem: The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram
Zuzana Storchová: Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Aneuploidy is a hallmark of cancer and underlies genetic disorders characterized by severe developmental defects, yet the molecular mechanisms explaining its effects on cellular physiology remain elusive. Here we show, using a series of human cells with defined aneuploid karyotypes, that gain of a single chromosome increases genomic instability. Next-generation sequencing and SNP-array analysis reveal accumulation of chromosomal rearrangements in aneuploids, with break point junction patterns suggestive of replication defects. Trisomic and tetrasomic cells also show increased DNA damage and sensitivity to replication stress. Strikingly, we find that aneuploidy-induced genomic instability can be explained by the reduced expression of the replicative helicase MCM2-7. Accordingly, restoring near-wild-type levels of chromatin-bound MCM helicase partly rescues the genomic instability phenotypes. Thus, gain of chromosomes triggers replication stress, thereby promoting genomic instability and possibly contributing to tumorigenesis.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10754

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