Stereocilia-staircase spacing is influenced by myosin III motors and their cargos espin-1 and espin-like

Seham Ebrahim, Matthew R. Avenarius, M’hamed Grati, Jocelyn F. Krey, Alanna M. Windsor, Aurea D. Sousa, Angela Ballesteros, Runjia Cui, Bryan A. Millis, Felipe T. Salles, Michelle A. Baird, Michael W. Davidson, Sherri M. Jones, Dongseok Choi, Lijin Dong, Manmeet H. Raval, Christopher M. Yengo, Peter G. Barr-Gillespie () and Bechara Kachar ()
Additional contact information
Seham Ebrahim: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Matthew R. Avenarius: Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University
M’hamed Grati: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Jocelyn F. Krey: Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University
Alanna M. Windsor: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Aurea D. Sousa: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Angela Ballesteros: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Runjia Cui: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Bryan A. Millis: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Felipe T. Salles: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
Michelle A. Baird: Florida State University
Michael W. Davidson: Florida State University
Sherri M. Jones: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dongseok Choi: Oregon Health and Science University
Lijin Dong: Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health
Manmeet H. Raval: Penn State University College of Medicine
Christopher M. Yengo: Penn State University College of Medicine
Peter G. Barr-Gillespie: Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University
Bechara Kachar: Laboratory of Cell Structure and Dynamics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Hair cells tightly control the dimensions of their stereocilia, which are actin-rich protrusions with graded heights that mediate mechanotransduction in the inner ear. Two members of the myosin-III family, MYO3A and MYO3B, are thought to regulate stereocilia length by transporting cargos that control actin polymerization at stereocilia tips. We show that eliminating espin-1 (ESPN-1), an isoform of ESPN and a myosin-III cargo, dramatically alters the slope of the stereocilia staircase in a subset of hair cells. Furthermore, we show that espin-like (ESPNL), primarily present in developing stereocilia, is also a myosin-III cargo and is essential for normal hearing. ESPN-1 and ESPNL each bind MYO3A and MYO3B, but differentially influence how the two motors function. Consequently, functional properties of different motor-cargo combinations differentially affect molecular transport and the length of actin protrusions. This mechanism is used by hair cells to establish the required range of stereocilia lengths within a single cell.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10833

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