Exciton–exciton annihilation and biexciton stimulated emission in graphene nanoribbons

Giancarlo Soavi (), Stefano Dal Conte, Cristian Manzoni, Daniele Viola, Akimitsu Narita, Yunbin Hu, Xinliang Feng, Ulrich Hohenester, Elisa Molinari, Deborah Prezzi (), Klaus Müllen and Giulio Cerullo ()
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Giancarlo Soavi: Politecnico di Milano
Stefano Dal Conte: Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR
Cristian Manzoni: Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR
Daniele Viola: Politecnico di Milano
Akimitsu Narita: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Yunbin Hu: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Xinliang Feng: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Ulrich Hohenester: Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 5
Elisa Molinari: Informatiche e Matematiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Deborah Prezzi: Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR
Klaus Müllen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Giulio Cerullo: Politecnico di Milano

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Graphene nanoribbons display extraordinary optical properties due to one-dimensional quantum-confinement, such as width-dependent bandgap and strong electron–hole interactions, responsible for the formation of excitons with extremely high binding energies. Here we use femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to explore the ultrafast optical properties of ultranarrow, structurally well-defined graphene nanoribbons as a function of the excitation fluence, and the impact of enhanced Coulomb interaction on their excited states dynamics. We show that in the high-excitation regime biexcitons are formed by nonlinear exciton–exciton annihilation, and that they radiatively recombine via stimulated emission. We obtain a biexciton binding energy of ≈250 meV, in very good agreement with theoretical results from quantum Monte Carlo simulations. These observations pave the way for the application of graphene nanoribbons in photonics and optoelectronics.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11010

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