A genetic network that suppresses genome rearrangements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and contains defects in cancers

Christopher D. Putnam, Anjana Srivatsan, Rahul V. Nene, Sandra L. Martinez, Sarah P. Clotfelter, Sara N. Bell, Steven B. Somach, Jorge E.S. de Souza, André F. Fonseca, Sandro J. de Souza and Richard D. Kolodner ()
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Christopher D. Putnam: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Anjana Srivatsan: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Rahul V. Nene: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Sandra L. Martinez: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Sarah P. Clotfelter: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Sara N. Bell: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Steven B. Somach: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego
Jorge E.S. de Souza: Instituto de Bioinformática e Biotecnologia
André F. Fonseca: Instituto do Cérebro, UFRN
Sandro J. de Souza: Instituto do Cérebro, UFRN
Richard D. Kolodner: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Res., University of California School of Medicine, San Diego

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs) play an important role in human diseases, including cancer. The identity of all Genome Instability Suppressing (GIS) genes is not currently known. Here multiple Saccharomyces cerevisiae GCR assays and query mutations were crossed into arrays of mutants to identify progeny with increased GCR rates. One hundred eighty two GIS genes were identified that suppressed GCR formation. Another 438 cooperatively acting GIS genes were identified that were not GIS genes, but suppressed the increased genome instability caused by individual query mutations. Analysis of TCGA data using the human genes predicted to act in GIS pathways revealed that a minimum of 93% of ovarian and 66% of colorectal cancer cases had defects affecting one or more predicted GIS gene. These defects included loss-of-function mutations, copy-number changes associated with reduced expression, and silencing. In contrast, acute myeloid leukaemia cases did not appear to have defects affecting the predicted GIS genes.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11256

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