A survey of the sorghum transcriptome using single-molecule long reads

Salah E. Abdel-Ghany, Michael Hamilton, Jennifer L. Jacobi, Peter Ngam, Nicholas Devitt, Faye Schilkey, Asa Ben-Hur and Anireddy S. N. Reddy ()
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Salah E. Abdel-Ghany: Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University
Michael Hamilton: Colorado State University
Jennifer L. Jacobi: National Center for Genome Resources
Peter Ngam: National Center for Genome Resources
Nicholas Devitt: National Center for Genome Resources
Faye Schilkey: National Center for Genome Resources
Asa Ben-Hur: Colorado State University
Anireddy S. N. Reddy: Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation (APA) of pre-mRNAs greatly contribute to transcriptome diversity, coding capacity of a genome and gene regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotes. Second-generation sequencing technologies have been extensively used to analyse transcriptomes. However, a major limitation of short-read data is that it is difficult to accurately predict full-length splice isoforms. Here we sequenced the sorghum transcriptome using Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time long-read isoform sequencing and developed a pipeline called TAPIS (Transcriptome Analysis Pipeline for Isoform Sequencing) to identify full-length splice isoforms and APA sites. Our analysis reveals transcriptome-wide full-length isoforms at an unprecedented scale with over 11,000 novel splice isoforms. Additionally, we uncover APA of ∼11,000 expressed genes and more than 2,100 novel genes. These results greatly enhance sorghum gene annotations and aid in studying gene regulation in this important bioenergy crop. The TAPIS pipeline will serve as a useful tool to analyse Iso-Seq data from any organism.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11706

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