Shifting El Niño inhibits summer Arctic warming and Arctic sea-ice melting over the Canada Basin

Chundi Hu, Song Yang (), Qigang Wu, Zhenning Li, Junwen Chen, Kaiqiang Deng, Tuantuan Zhang and Chengyang Zhang
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Chundi Hu: Institute of Earth Climate and Environment System, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou
Song Yang: Institute of Earth Climate and Environment System, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou
Qigang Wu: School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing
Zhenning Li: Institute of Earth Climate and Environment System, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou
Junwen Chen: School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
Kaiqiang Deng: Institute of Earth Climate and Environment System, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou
Tuantuan Zhang: Institute of Earth Climate and Environment System, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou
Chengyang Zhang: Institute of Earth Climate and Environment System, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Arctic climate changes include not only changes in trends and mean states but also strong interannual variations in various fields. Although it is known that tropical-extratropical teleconnection is sensitive to changes in flavours of El Niño, whether Arctic climate variability is linked to El Niño, in particular on interannual timescale, remains unclear. Here we demonstrate for the first time a long-range linkage between central Pacific (CP) El Niño and summer Arctic climate. Observations show that the CP warming related to CP El Niño events deepens the tropospheric Arctic polar vortex and strengthens the circumpolar westerly wind, thereby contributing to inhibiting summer Arctic warming and sea-ice melting. Atmospheric model experiments can generally capture the observed responses of Arctic circulation and robust surface cooling to CP El Niño forcing. We suggest that identification of the equator-Arctic teleconnection, via the ‘atmospheric bridge’, can potentially contribute to improving the skill of predicting Arctic climate.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11721

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