Cholesterol and ORP1L-mediated ER contact sites control autophagosome transport and fusion with the endocytic pathway

Ruud H. Wijdeven, Hans Janssen, Leila Nahidiazar, Lennert Janssen, Kees Jalink, Ilana Berlin and Jacques Neefjes ()
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Ruud H. Wijdeven: The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Hans Janssen: The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Leila Nahidiazar: The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Lennert Janssen: The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Kees Jalink: The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Ilana Berlin: The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Jacques Neefjes: The Netherlands Cancer Institute

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Autophagy is the main homeostatic pathway guiding cytosolic materials for degradation by the lysosome. Maturation of autophagosomes requires their transport towards the perinuclear region of the cell, with key factors underlying both processes still poorly understood. Here we show that transport and positioning of late autophagosomes depends on cholesterol by way of the cholesterol-sensing Rab7 effector ORP1L. ORP1L localizes to late autophagosomes and—under low-cholesterol conditions—contacts the ER protein VAP-A, forming ER-autophagosome contact sites, which prevent minus-end transport by the Rab7–RILP–dynein complex. ORP1L-mediated contact sites also inhibit localization of PLEKHM1 to Rab7. PLEKHM1, together with RILP, then recruits the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein-sorting (HOPS) complex for fusion of autophagosomes with late endosomes and lysosomes. Thus, ORP1L, via its liganding by lipids and the formation of contacts between autophagic vacuoles and the ER, governs the last steps in autophagy that lead to the lysosomal degradation of cytosolic material.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11808

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