Calredoxin represents a novel type of calcium-dependent sensor-responder connected to redox regulation in the chloroplast

Ana Karina Hochmal, Karen Zinzius, Ratana Charoenwattanasatien, Philipp Gäbelein, Risa Mutoh, Hideaki Tanaka, Stefan Schulze, Gai Liu, Martin Scholz, André Nordhues, Jan Niklas Offenborn, Dimitris Petroutsos, Giovanni Finazzi, Christian Fufezan, Kaiyao Huang, Genji Kurisu and Michael Hippler ()
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Ana Karina Hochmal: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Karen Zinzius: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Ratana Charoenwattanasatien: Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University
Philipp Gäbelein: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Risa Mutoh: Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University
Hideaki Tanaka: Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University
Stefan Schulze: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Gai Liu: Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Martin Scholz: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
André Nordhues: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Jan Niklas Offenborn: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Dimitris Petroutsos: Centre National Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte Recherche 5168, Laboratoire Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale
Giovanni Finazzi: Centre National Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte Recherche 5168, Laboratoire Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale
Christian Fufezan: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster
Kaiyao Huang: Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Genji Kurisu: Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University
Michael Hippler: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) and redox signalling play important roles in acclimation processes from archaea to eukaryotic organisms. Herein we characterized a unique protein from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that has the competence to integrate Ca2+- and redox-related signalling. This protein, designated as calredoxin (CRX), combines four Ca2+-binding EF-hands and a thioredoxin (TRX) domain. A crystal structure of CRX, at 1.6 Å resolution, revealed an unusual calmodulin-fold of the Ca2+-binding EF-hands, which is functionally linked via an inter-domain communication path with the enzymatically active TRX domain. CRX is chloroplast-localized and interacted with a chloroplast 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (PRX1). Ca2+-binding to CRX is critical for its TRX activity and for efficient binding and reduction of PRX1. Thereby, CRX represents a new class of Ca2+-dependent ‘sensor-responder’ proteins. Genetically engineered Chlamydomonas strains with strongly diminished amounts of CRX revealed altered photosynthetic electron transfer and were affected in oxidative stress response underpinning a function of CRX in stress acclimation.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11847

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