Strain-relief by single dislocation loops in calcite crystals grown on self-assembled monolayers

Johannes Ihli (), Jesse N. Clark, Alexander S. Côté, Yi-Yeoun Kim, Anna S. Schenk, Alexander N. Kulak, Timothy P. Comyn, Oliver Chammas, Ross J. Harder, Dorothy M. Duffy, Ian K. Robinson () and Fiona C. Meldrum ()
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Johannes Ihli: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
Jesse N. Clark: Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Alexander S. Côté: University College London
Yi-Yeoun Kim: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
Anna S. Schenk: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
Alexander N. Kulak: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
Timothy P. Comyn: Institute for Materials Research, University of Leeds
Oliver Chammas: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds
Ross J. Harder: Advanced Photon Source
Dorothy M. Duffy: University College London
Ian K. Robinson: London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London
Fiona C. Meldrum: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Most of our knowledge of dislocation-mediated stress relaxation during epitaxial crystal growth comes from the study of inorganic heterostructures. Here we use Bragg coherent diffraction imaging to investigate a contrasting system, the epitaxial growth of calcite (CaCO3) crystals on organic self-assembled monolayers, where these are widely used as a model for biomineralization processes. The calcite crystals are imaged to simultaneously visualize the crystal morphology and internal strain fields. Our data reveal that each crystal possesses a single dislocation loop that occupies a common position in every crystal. The loops exhibit entirely different geometries to misfit dislocations generated in conventional epitaxial thin films and are suggested to form in response to the stress field, arising from interfacial defects and the nanoscale roughness of the substrate. This work provides unique insight into how self-assembled monolayers control the growth of inorganic crystals and demonstrates important differences as compared with inorganic substrates.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11878

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