Mechanisms of increased Trichodesmium fitness under iron and phosphorus co-limitation in the present and future ocean

Nathan G. Walworth, Fei-Xue Fu, Eric A. Webb, Mak A. Saito, Dawn Moran, Matthew R. Mcllvin, Michael D. Lee and David A. Hutchins ()
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Nathan G. Walworth: Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California
Fei-Xue Fu: Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California
Eric A. Webb: Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California
Mak A. Saito: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Dawn Moran: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Matthew R. Mcllvin: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Michael D. Lee: Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California
David A. Hutchins: Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria supplies critical bioavailable nitrogen to marine ecosystems worldwide; however, field and lab data have demonstrated it to be limited by iron, phosphorus and/or CO2. To address unknown future interactions among these factors, we grew the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium for 1 year under Fe/P co-limitation following 7 years of both low and high CO2 selection. Fe/P co-limited cell lines demonstrated a complex cellular response including increased growth rates, broad proteome restructuring and cell size reductions relative to steady-state growth limited by either Fe or P alone. Fe/P co-limitation increased abundance of a protein containing a conserved domain previously implicated in cell size regulation, suggesting a similar role in Trichodesmium. Increased CO2 further induced nutrient-limited proteome shifts in widespread core metabolisms. Our results thus suggest that N2-fixing microbes may be significantly impacted by interactions between elevated CO2 and nutrient limitation, with broad implications for global biogeochemical cycles in the future ocean.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12081

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