Facile fabrication of large-grain CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx films for high-efficiency solar cells via CH3NH3Br-selective Ostwald ripening

Mengjin Yang, Taiyang Zhang, Philip Schulz, Zhen Li, Ge Li, Dong Hoe Kim, Nanjie Guo, Joseph J. Berry, Kai Zhu () and Yixin Zhao ()
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Mengjin Yang: Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Taiyang Zhang: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Philip Schulz: Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Zhen Li: Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Ge Li: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Dong Hoe Kim: Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nanjie Guo: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Joseph J. Berry: Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Kai Zhu: Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Yixin Zhao: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Organometallic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great promise as a low-cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic technology. Structural and electro-optical properties of the perovskite absorber layer are most critical to device operation characteristics. Here we present a facile fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs based on compact, large-grain, pinhole-free CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx (MAPbI3−xBrx) thin films with high reproducibility. A simple methylammonium bromide (MABr) treatment via spin-coating with a proper MABr concentration converts MAPbI3 thin films with different initial film qualities (for example, grain size and pinholes) to high-quality MAPbI3−xBrx thin films following an Ostwald ripening process, which is strongly affected by MABr concentration and is ineffective when replacing MABr with methylammonium iodide. A higher MABr concentration enhances I–Br anion exchange reaction, yielding poorer device performance. This MABr-selective Ostwald ripening process improves cell efficiency but also enhances device stability and thus represents a simple, promising strategy for further improving PSC performance with higher reproducibility and reliability.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12305

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