Far-field nanoscale infrared spectroscopy of vibrational fingerprints of molecules with graphene plasmons

Hai Hu, Xiaoxia Yang, Feng Zhai, Debo Hu, Ruina Liu, Kaihui Liu (), Zhipei Sun () and Qing Dai ()
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Hai Hu: National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
Xiaoxia Yang: National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
Feng Zhai: Zhejiang Normal University
Debo Hu: National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
Ruina Liu: National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
Kaihui Liu: School of Physics, Center for Nanochemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University
Zhipei Sun: Aalto University
Qing Dai: National Center for Nanoscience and Technology

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Infrared spectroscopy, especially for molecular vibrations in the fingerprint region between 600 and 1,500 cm−1, is a powerful characterization method for bulk materials. However, molecular fingerprinting at the nanoscale level still remains a significant challenge, due to weak light–matter interaction between micron-wavelengthed infrared light and nano-sized molecules. Here we demonstrate molecular fingerprinting at the nanoscale level using our specially designed graphene plasmonic structure on CaF2 nanofilm. This structure not only avoids the plasmon–phonon hybridization, but also provides in situ electrically-tunable graphene plasmon covering the entire molecular fingerprint region, which was previously unattainable. In addition, undisturbed and highly confined graphene plasmon offers simultaneous detection of in-plane and out-of-plane vibrational modes with ultrahigh detection sensitivity down to the sub-monolayer level, significantly pushing the current detection limit of far-field mid-infrared spectroscopies. Our results provide a platform, fulfilling the long-awaited expectation of high sensitivity and selectivity far-field fingerprint detection of nano-scale molecules for numerous applications.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12334

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