Tectonic collision and uplift of Wallacea triggered the global songbird radiation

Robert G. Moyle (), Carl H. Oliveros, Michael J. Andersen, Peter A. Hosner, Brett W. Benz, Joseph D. Manthey, Scott L. Travers, Rafe M. Brown and Brant C. Faircloth
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Robert G. Moyle: University of Kansas
Carl H. Oliveros: University of Kansas
Michael J. Andersen: University of New Mexico
Peter A. Hosner: University of Florida
Brett W. Benz: American Museum of Natural History
Joseph D. Manthey: University of Kansas
Scott L. Travers: University of Kansas
Rafe M. Brown: University of Kansas
Brant C. Faircloth: Louisiana State University

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Songbirds (oscine passerines) are the most species-rich and cosmopolitan bird group, comprising almost half of global avian diversity. Songbirds originated in Australia, but the evolutionary trajectory from a single species in an isolated continent to worldwide proliferation is poorly understood. Here, we combine the first comprehensive genome-scale DNA sequence data set for songbirds, fossil-based time calibrations, and geologically informed biogeographic reconstructions to provide a well-supported evolutionary hypothesis for the group. We show that songbird diversification began in the Oligocene, but accelerated in the early Miocene, at approximately half the age of most previous estimates. This burst of diversification occurred coincident with extensive island formation in Wallacea, which provided the first dispersal corridor out of Australia, and resulted in independent waves of songbird expansion through Asia to the rest of the globe. Our results reconcile songbird evolution with Earth history and link a major radiation of terrestrial biodiversity to early diversification within an isolated Australian continent.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12709

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