Spatiotemporal dynamics of lesion-induced axonal sprouting and its relation to functional architecture of the cerebellum

Matasha Dhar, Joshua M. Brenner, Kenji Sakimura, Masanobu Kano and Hiroshi Nishiyama ()
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Matasha Dhar: Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin
Joshua M. Brenner: Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin
Kenji Sakimura: Brain Research Institute, Niigata University
Masanobu Kano: Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
Hiroshi Nishiyama: Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Neurodegenerative lesions induce sprouting of new collaterals from surviving axons, but the extent to which this form of axonal remodelling alters brain functional structure remains unclear. To understand how collateral sprouting proceeds in the adult brain, we imaged post-lesion sprouting of cerebellar climbing fibres (CFs) in mice using in vivo time-lapse microscopy. Here we show that newly sprouted CF collaterals innervate multiple Purkinje cells (PCs) over several months, with most innervations emerging at 3–4 weeks post lesion. Simultaneous imaging of cerebellar functional structure reveals that surviving CFs similarly innervate functionally relevant and non-relevant PCs, but have more synaptic area on PCs near the collateral origin than on distant PCs. These results suggest that newly sprouted axon collaterals do not preferentially innervate functionally relevant postsynaptic targets. Nonetheless, the spatial gradient of collateral innervation might help to loosely maintain functional synaptic circuits if functionally relevant neurons are clustered in the lesioned area.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12938

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