Genome sequence of the basal haplorrhine primate Tarsius syrichta reveals unusual insertions

Jürgen Schmitz, Angela Noll, Carsten A. Raabe, Gennady Churakov, Reinhard Voss, Martin Kiefmann, Timofey Rozhdestvensky, Jürgen Brosius, Robert Baertsch, Hiram Clawson, Christian Roos, Aleksey Zimin, Patrick Minx, Michael J. Montague, Richard K. Wilson and Wesley C. Warren ()
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Jürgen Schmitz: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Angela Noll: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Carsten A. Raabe: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Gennady Churakov: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Reinhard Voss: Integrated Functional Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster
Martin Kiefmann: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Timofey Rozhdestvensky: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Jürgen Brosius: Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Münster
Robert Baertsch: University of California
Hiram Clawson: University of California
Christian Roos: Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research
Aleksey Zimin: Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland
Patrick Minx: McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine
Michael J. Montague: McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine
Richard K. Wilson: McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine
Wesley C. Warren: McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Tarsiers are phylogenetically located between the most basal strepsirrhines and the most derived anthropoid primates. While they share morphological features with both groups, they also possess uncommon primate characteristics, rendering their evolutionary history somewhat obscure. To investigate the molecular basis of such attributes, we present here a new genome assembly of the Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta), and provide extended analyses of the genome and detailed history of transposable element insertion events. We describe the silencing of Alu monomers on the lineage leading to anthropoids, and recognize an unexpected abundance of long terminal repeat-derived and LINE1-mobilized transposed elements (Tarsius interspersed elements; TINEs). For the first time in mammals, we identify a complete mitochondrial genome insertion within the nuclear genome, then reveal tarsier-specific, positive gene selection and posit population size changes over time. The genomic resources and analyses presented here will aid efforts to more fully understand the ancient characteristics of primate genomes.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12997

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