Spin–torque generator engineered by natural oxidation of Cu

Hongyu An, Yuito Kageyama, Yusuke Kanno, Nagisa Enishi and Kazuya Ando ()
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Hongyu An: Keio University
Yuito Kageyama: Keio University
Yusuke Kanno: Keio University
Nagisa Enishi: Keio University
Kazuya Ando: Keio University

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The spin Hall effect is a spin–orbit coupling phenomenon, which enables electric generation and detection of spin currents. This relativistic effect provides a way for realizing efficient spintronic devices based on electric manipulation of magnetization through spin torque. However, it has been believed that heavy metals are indispensable for the spin–torque generation. Here we show that the spin Hall effect in Cu, a light metal with weak spin–orbit coupling, is significantly enhanced through natural oxidation. We demonstrate that the spin–torque generation efficiency of a Cu/Ni81Fe19 bilayer is enhanced by over two orders of magnitude by tuning the surface oxidation, reaching the efficiency of Pt/ferromagnetic metal bilayers. This finding illustrates a crucial role of oxidation in the spin Hall effect, opening a route for engineering the spin–torque generator by oxygen control and manipulating magnetization without using heavy metals.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13069

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