Mechanism for rapid growth of organic–inorganic halide perovskite crystals

Pabitra K. Nayak, David T. Moore, Bernard Wenger, Simantini Nayak, Amir A. Haghighirad, Adam Fineberg, Nakita K. Noel, Obadiah G. Reid, Garry Rumbles, Philipp Kukura, Kylie A. Vincent and Henry J. Snaith ()
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Pabitra K. Nayak: Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford
David T. Moore: Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford
Bernard Wenger: Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford
Simantini Nayak: University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory
Amir A. Haghighirad: Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford
Adam Fineberg: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford
Nakita K. Noel: Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford
Obadiah G. Reid: National Renewable Energy Lab, Chemistry & Nanoscience
Garry Rumbles: National Renewable Energy Lab, Chemistry & Nanoscience
Philipp Kukura: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford
Kylie A. Vincent: University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory
Henry J. Snaith: Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Optoelectronic devices based on hybrid halide perovskites have shown remarkable progress to high performance. However, despite their apparent success, there remain many open questions about their intrinsic properties. Single crystals are often seen as the ideal platform for understanding the limits of crystalline materials, and recent reports of rapid, high-temperature crystallization of single crystals should enable a variety of studies. Here we explore the mechanism of this crystallization and find that it is due to reversible changes in the solution where breaking up of colloids, and a change in the solvent strength, leads to supersaturation and subsequent crystallization. We use this knowledge to demonstrate a broader range of processing parameters and show that these can lead to improved crystal quality. Our findings are therefore of central importance to enable the continued advancement of perovskite optoelectronics and to the improved reproducibility through a better understanding of factors influencing and controlling crystallization.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13303

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