The lipid sensor GPR120 promotes brown fat activation and FGF21 release from adipocytes

Tania Quesada-López, Rubén Cereijo, Jean-Valery Turatsinze, Anna Planavila, Montserrat Cairó, Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro, Marion Peyrou, Ricardo Moure, Roser Iglesias, Marta Giralt, Decio L. Eizirik and Francesc Villarroya ()
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Tania Quesada-López: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Rubén Cereijo: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Jean-Valery Turatsinze: ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles
Anna Planavila: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Montserrat Cairó: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Marion Peyrou: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Ricardo Moure: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Roser Iglesias: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Marta Giralt: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición
Decio L. Eizirik: ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles
Francesc Villarroya: Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract The thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue are important components of energy expenditure. Here we show that GPR120, a receptor for polyunsaturated fatty acids, promotes brown fat activation. Using RNA-seq to analyse mouse BAT transcriptome, we find that the gene encoding GPR120 is induced by thermogenic activation. We further show that GPR120 activation induces BAT activity and promotes the browning of white fat in mice, whereas GRP120-null mice show impaired cold-induced browning. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce brown and beige adipocyte differentiation and thermogenic activation, and these effects require GPR120. GPR120 activation induces the release of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) by brown and beige adipocytes, and increases blood FGF21 levels. The effects of GPR120 activation on BAT activation and browning are impaired in FGF21-null mice and cells. Thus, the lipid sensor GPR120 activates brown fat via a mechanism that involves induction of FGF21.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13479

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