Seafloor observations indicate spatial separation of coseismic and postseismic slips in the 2011 Tohoku earthquake

Takeshi Iinuma (), Ryota Hino, Naoki Uchida, Wataru Nakamura, Motoyuki Kido, Yukihito Osada and Satoshi Miura
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Takeshi Iinuma: Research and Development Center for Earthquake and Tsunami, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
Ryota Hino: Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
Naoki Uchida: Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
Wataru Nakamura: Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
Motoyuki Kido: International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University
Yukihito Osada: Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
Satoshi Miura: Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Large interplate earthquakes are often followed by postseismic slip that is considered to occur in areas surrounding the coseismic ruptures. Such spatial separation is expected from the difference in frictional and material properties in and around the faults. However, even though the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ruptured a vast area on the plate interface, the estimation of high-resolution slip is usually difficult because of the lack of seafloor geodetic data. Here using the seafloor and terrestrial geodetic data, we investigated the postseismic slip to examine whether it was spatially separated with the coseismic slip by applying a comprehensive finite-element method model to subtract the viscoelastic components from the observed postseismic displacements. The high-resolution co- and postseismic slip distributions clarified the spatial separation, which also agreed with the activities of interplate and repeating earthquakes. These findings suggest that the conventional frictional property model is valid for the source region of gigantic earthquakes.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13506

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