Real-time measurements of spontaneous breathers and rogue wave events in optical fibre modulation instability

Mikko Närhi, Benjamin Wetzel, Cyril Billet, Shanti Toenger, Thibaut Sylvestre, Jean-Marc Merolla, Roberto Morandotti, Frederic Dias, Goëry Genty and John M. Dudley ()
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Mikko Närhi: Tampere University of Technology, Optics Laboratory
Benjamin Wetzel: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre EMT, Université du Québec
Cyril Billet: Institut FEMTO-ST, CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté UMR 6174
Shanti Toenger: Tampere University of Technology, Optics Laboratory
Thibaut Sylvestre: Institut FEMTO-ST, CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté UMR 6174
Jean-Marc Merolla: Institut FEMTO-ST, CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté UMR 6174
Roberto Morandotti: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre EMT, Université du Québec
Frederic Dias: School of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin
Goëry Genty: Tampere University of Technology, Optics Laboratory
John M. Dudley: Institut FEMTO-ST, CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté UMR 6174

Nature Communications, 2016, vol. 7, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Modulation instability is a fundamental process of nonlinear science, leading to the unstable breakup of a constant amplitude solution of a physical system. There has been particular interest in studying modulation instability in the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a generic model for a host of nonlinear systems including superfluids, fibre optics, plasmas and Bose–Einstein condensates. Modulation instability is also a significant area of study in the context of understanding the emergence of high amplitude events that satisfy rogue wave statistical criteria. Here, exploiting advances in ultrafast optical metrology, we perform real-time measurements in an optical fibre system of the unstable breakup of a continuous wave field, simultaneously characterizing emergent modulation instability breather pulses and their associated statistics. Our results allow quantitative comparison between experiment, modelling and theory, and are expected to open new perspectives on studies of instability dynamics in physics.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13675

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