Neutrophils dominate the immune cell composition in non-small cell lung cancer

Julia Kargl, Stephanie E. Busch, Grace H. Y. Yang, Kyoung-Hee Kim, Mark L. Hanke, Heather E. Metz, Jesse J. Hubbard, Sylvia M. Lee, David K. Madtes, Martin W. McIntosh and A. McGarry Houghton ()
Additional contact information
Julia Kargl: Clinical Research Division
Stephanie E. Busch: Clinical Research Division
Grace H. Y. Yang: Clinical Research Division
Kyoung-Hee Kim: Clinical Research Division
Mark L. Hanke: Clinical Research Division
Heather E. Metz: Clinical Research Division
Jesse J. Hubbard: Clinical Research Division
Sylvia M. Lee: Clinical Research Division
David K. Madtes: Clinical Research Division
Martin W. McIntosh: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
A. McGarry Houghton: Clinical Research Division

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is just 20%. To improve this figure, several early phase clinical trials combining novel immunotherapeutics with immune checkpoint blockade have been initiated. Unfortunately, these trials have been designed without a strong foundational knowledge of the immune landscape present in NSCLC. Here, we use a flow cytometry panel capable of measuring 51 immune cell populations to comprehensively identify the immune cell composition and function in NSCLC. The results show that the immune cell composition is fundamentally different in lung adenocarcinoma as compared with lung squamous cell carcinoma, and that neutrophils are the most prevalent immune cell type. Using T-cell receptor-β sequencing and tumour reactivity assays, we predict that tumour reactive T cells are frequently present in NSCLC. These results should help to guide the design of clinical trials and the direction of future research in this area.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14381

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