Fluorene-9-bisphenol is anti-oestrogenic and may cause adverse pregnancy outcomes in mice

Zhaobin Zhang, Ying Hu, Jilong Guo, Tong Yu, Libei Sun, Xuan Xiao, Desheng Zhu (), Tsuyoshi Nakanishi, Youhei Hiromori, Junyu Li, Xiaolin Fan, Yi Wan, Siyu Cheng, Jun Li, Xuan Guo and Jianying Hu ()
Additional contact information
Zhaobin Zhang: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Ying Hu: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Jilong Guo: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Tong Yu: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Libei Sun: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Xuan Xiao: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Desheng Zhu: Laboratory Animal Centre, Peking University
Tsuyoshi Nakanishi: Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
Youhei Hiromori: Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
Junyu Li: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Xiaolin Fan: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Yi Wan: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Siyu Cheng: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Jun Li: Laboratory Animal Centre, Peking University
Xuan Guo: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University
Jianying Hu: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the production of plastic but has oestrogenic activity. Therefore, BPA substitutes, such as fluorene-9-bisphenol (BHPF), have been introduced for the production of so-called ‘BPA-free’ plastics. Here we show that BHPF is released from commercial ‘BPA-free’ plastic bottles into drinking water and has anti-oestrogenic effects in mice. We demonstrate that BHPF has anti-oestrogenic activity in vitro and, in an uterotrophic assay in mice, induces low uterine weight, atrophic endometria and causes adverse pregnancy outcomes, even at doses lower than those of BPA for which no observed adverse effect have been reported. Female mice given water containing BHPF released from plastic bottles, have detectable levels of BHPF in serum, low uterine weights and show decreased expressions of oestrogen-responsive genes. We also detect BHPF in the plasma of 7/100 individuals, who regularly drink water from plastic bottles. Our data suggest that BPA substitutes should be tested for anti-oestrogenic activity and call for further study of the toxicological effects of BHPF on human health.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14585

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