Periodic potentials in hybrid van der Waals heterostructures formed by supramolecular lattices on graphene

Marco Gobbi, Sara Bonacchi, Jian X. Lian, Yi Liu, Xiao-Ye Wang, Marc-Antoine Stoeckel, Marco A. Squillaci, Gabriele D’Avino, Akimitsu Narita, Klaus Müllen, Xinliang Feng, Yoann Olivier, David Beljonne, Paolo Samorì () and Emanuele Orgiu ()
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Marco Gobbi: University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006
Sara Bonacchi: University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006
Jian X. Lian: Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Research in Molecular Electronics and Photonics, University of Mons
Yi Liu: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Xiao-Ye Wang: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Marc-Antoine Stoeckel: University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006
Marco A. Squillaci: University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006
Gabriele D’Avino: Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Research in Molecular Electronics and Photonics, University of Mons
Akimitsu Narita: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Klaus Müllen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Xinliang Feng: Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4
Yoann Olivier: Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Research in Molecular Electronics and Photonics, University of Mons
David Beljonne: Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Research in Molecular Electronics and Photonics, University of Mons
Paolo Samorì: University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006
Emanuele Orgiu: University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The rise of 2D materials made it possible to form heterostructures held together by weak interplanar van der Waals interactions. Within such van der Waals heterostructures, the occurrence of 2D periodic potentials significantly modifies the electronic structure of single sheets within the stack, therefore modulating the material properties. However, these periodic potentials are determined by the mechanical alignment of adjacent 2D materials, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Here we show that programmable 1D periodic potentials extending over areas exceeding 104 nm2 and stable at ambient conditions arise when graphene is covered by a self-assembled supramolecular lattice. The amplitude and sign of the potential can be modified without altering its periodicity by employing photoreactive molecules or their reaction products. In this regard, the supramolecular lattice/graphene bilayer represents the hybrid analogue of fully inorganic van der Waals heterostructures, highlighting the rich prospects that molecular design offers to create ad hoc materials.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14767

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