Real-time reliable determination of binding kinetics of DNA hybridization using a multi-channel graphene biosensor

Shicai Xu, Jian Zhan, Baoyuan Man, Shouzhen Jiang, Weiwei Yue, Shoubao Gao, Chengang Guo, Hanping Liu, Zhenhua Li, Jihua Wang () and Yaoqi Zhou ()
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Shicai Xu: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University
Jian Zhan: Institute for Glycomics and School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University
Baoyuan Man: School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University
Shouzhen Jiang: School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University
Weiwei Yue: School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University
Shoubao Gao: School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University
Chengang Guo: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University
Hanping Liu: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University
Zhenhua Li: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University
Jihua Wang: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University
Yaoqi Zhou: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Reliable determination of binding kinetics and affinity of DNA hybridization and single-base mismatches plays an essential role in systems biology, personalized and precision medicine. The standard tools are optical-based sensors that are difficult to operate in low cost and to miniaturize for high-throughput measurement. Biosensors based on nanowire field-effect transistors have been developed, but reliable and cost-effective fabrication remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate that a graphene single-crystal domain patterned into multiple channels can measure time- and concentration-dependent DNA hybridization kinetics and affinity reliably and sensitively, with a detection limit of 10 pM for DNA. It can distinguish single-base mutations quantitatively in real time. An analytical model is developed to estimate probe density, efficiency of hybridization and the maximum sensor response. The results suggest a promising future for cost-effective, high-throughput screening of drug candidates, genetic variations and disease biomarkers by using an integrated, miniaturized, all-electrical multiplexed, graphene-based DNA array.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14902

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