Impact of fat mass and distribution on lipid turnover in human adipose tissue

Kirsty L. Spalding (), Samuel Bernard, Erik Näslund, Mehran Salehpour, Göran Possnert, Lena Appelsved, Keng-Yeh Fu, Kanar Alkass, Henrik Druid, Anders Thorell, Mikael Rydén and Peter Arner ()
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Kirsty L. Spalding: Karolinska Institutet
Samuel Bernard: Institut Camille Jordan, University of Lyon
Erik Näslund: Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet
Mehran Salehpour: Ion Physics, Uppsala University
Göran Possnert: Ion Physics, Uppsala University
Lena Appelsved: Karolinska Institutet
Keng-Yeh Fu: Karolinska Institutet
Kanar Alkass: Karolinska Institutet
Henrik Druid: Karolinska Institutet
Anders Thorell: Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet
Mikael Rydén: Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet
Peter Arner: Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Differences in white adipose tissue (WAT) lipid turnover between the visceral (vWAT) and subcutaneous (sWAT) depots may cause metabolic complications in obesity. Here we compare triglyceride age and, thereby, triglyceride turnover in vWAT and sWAT biopsies from 346 individuals and find that subcutaneous triglyceride age and storage capacity are increased in overweight or obese individuals. Visceral triglyceride age is only increased in excessively obese individuals and associated with a lower lipid removal capacity. Thus, although triglyceride storage capacity in sWAT is higher than in vWAT, the former plateaus at substantially lower levels of excess WAT mass than vWAT. In individuals with central or visceral obesity, lipid turnover is selectively increased in vWAT. Obese individuals classified as ‘metabolically unhealthy’ (according to ATPIII criteria) who have small subcutaneous adipocytes exhibit reduced triglyceride turnover. We conclude that excess WAT results in depot-specific differences in lipid turnover and increased turnover in vWAT and/or decreased turnover in sWAT may result in metabolic complications of overweight or obesity.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15253

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