A high quantum yield molecule-protein complex fluorophore for near-infrared II imaging

Alexander L. Antaris, Hao Chen, Shuo Diao, Zhuoran Ma, Zhe Zhang, Shoujun Zhu, Joy Wang, Alexander X. Lozano, Quli Fan, Leila Chew, Mark Zhu, Kai Cheng, Xuechuan Hong (), Hongjie Dai () and Zhen Cheng ()
Additional contact information
Alexander L. Antaris: Stanford University
Hao Chen: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Shuo Diao: Stanford University
Zhuoran Ma: Stanford University
Zhe Zhang: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University
Shoujun Zhu: Stanford University
Joy Wang: Stanford University
Alexander X. Lozano: Stanford University
Quli Fan: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University
Leila Chew: Stanford University
Mark Zhu: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University
Kai Cheng: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University
Xuechuan Hong: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Hongjie Dai: Stanford University
Zhen Cheng: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) allows visualization of deep anatomical features with an unprecedented degree of clarity. NIR-II fluorophores draw from a broad spectrum of materials spanning semiconducting nanomaterials to organic molecular dyes, yet unfortunately all water-soluble organic molecules with >1,000 nm emission suffer from low quantum yields that have limited temporal resolution and penetration depth. Here, we report tailoring the supramolecular assemblies of protein complexes with a sulfonated NIR-II organic dye (CH-4T) to produce a brilliant 110-fold increase in fluorescence, resulting in the highest quantum yield molecular fluorophore thus far. The bright molecular complex allowed for the fastest video-rate imaging in the second NIR window with ∼50-fold reduced exposure times at a fast 50 frames-per-second (FPS) capable of resolving mouse cardiac cycles. In addition, we demonstrate that the NIR-II molecular complexes are superior to clinically approved ICG for lymph node imaging deep within the mouse body.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15269

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