Fast kinetics of magnesium monochloride cations in interlayer-expanded titanium disulfide for magnesium rechargeable batteries

Hyun Deog Yoo, Yanliang Liang, Hui Dong, Junhao Lin, Hua Wang, Yisheng Liu, Lu Ma, Tianpin Wu, Yifei Li, Qiang Ru, Yan Jing, Qinyou An, Wu Zhou, Jinghua Guo, Jun Lu, Sokrates T. Pantelides, Xiaofeng Qian and Yan Yao ()
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Hyun Deog Yoo: University of Houston
Yanliang Liang: University of Houston
Hui Dong: University of Houston
Junhao Lin: Vanderbilt University
Hua Wang: Texas A&M University
Yisheng Liu: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lu Ma: X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory
Tianpin Wu: X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory
Yifei Li: University of Houston
Qiang Ru: University of Houston
Yan Jing: University of Houston
Qinyou An: University of Houston
Wu Zhou: Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Jinghua Guo: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Jun Lu: Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory
Sokrates T. Pantelides: Vanderbilt University
Xiaofeng Qian: Texas A&M University
Yan Yao: University of Houston

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Magnesium rechargeable batteries potentially offer high-energy density, safety, and low cost due to the ability to employ divalent, dendrite-free, and earth-abundant magnesium metal anode. Despite recent progress, further development remains stagnated mainly due to the sluggish scission of magnesium-chloride bond and slow diffusion of divalent magnesium cations in cathodes. Here we report a battery chemistry that utilizes magnesium monochloride cations in expanded titanium disulfide. Combined theoretical modeling, spectroscopic analysis, and electrochemical study reveal fast diffusion kinetics of magnesium monochloride cations without scission of magnesium-chloride bond. The battery demonstrates the reversible intercalation of 1 and 1.7 magnesium monochloride cations per titanium at 25 and 60 °C, respectively, corresponding to up to 400 mAh g−1 capacity based on the mass of titanium disulfide. The large capacity accompanies with excellent rate and cycling performances even at room temperature, opening up possibilities for a variety of effective intercalation hosts for multivalent-ion batteries.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00431-9

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