Envelope glycoprotein mobility on HIV-1 particles depends on the virus maturation state

Jakub Chojnacki (), Dominic Waithe, Pablo Carravilla, Nerea Huarte, Silvia Galiani, Jörg Enderlein and Christian Eggeling ()
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Jakub Chojnacki: University of Oxford
Dominic Waithe: University of Oxford
Pablo Carravilla: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
Nerea Huarte: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
Silvia Galiani: University of Oxford
Jörg Enderlein: Georg August University
Christian Eggeling: University of Oxford

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assembles as immature particles, which require the proteolytic cleavage of structural polyprotein Gag and the clustering of envelope glycoprotein Env for infectivity. The details of mechanisms underlying Env clustering remain unknown. Here, we determine molecular dynamics of Env on the surface of individual HIV-1 particles using scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy on a super-resolution STED microscope. We find that Env undergoes a maturation-induced increase in mobility, highlighting diffusion as one cause for Env clustering. This mobility increase is dependent on Gag-interacting Env tail but not on changes in viral envelope lipid order. Diffusion of Env and other envelope incorporated proteins in mature HIV-1 is two orders of magnitude slower than in the plasma membrane, indicating that HIV-1 envelope is intrinsically a low mobility environment, mainly due to its general high lipid order. Our results provide insights into dynamic properties of proteins on the surface of individual virus particles.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00515-6

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