A rechargeable iodine-carbon battery that exploits ion intercalation and iodine redox chemistry

Ke Lu, Ziyu Hu, Jizhen Ma, Houyi Ma, Liming Dai () and Jintao Zhang ()
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Ke Lu: Shandong University
Ziyu Hu: Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT)
Jizhen Ma: Shandong University
Houyi Ma: Shandong University
Liming Dai: Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Jintao Zhang: Shandong University

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Graphitic carbons have been used as conductive supports for developing rechargeable batteries. However, the classic ion intercalation in graphitic carbon has yet to be coupled with extrinsic redox reactions to develop rechargeable batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of a free-standing, flexible nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped hierarchically porous graphitic carbon for iodine loading by pyrolysis of polyaniline coated cellulose wiper. We find that heteroatoms could provide additional defect sites for encapsulating iodine while the porous carbon skeleton facilitates redox reactions of iodine and ion intercalation. The combination of ion intercalation with redox reactions of iodine allows for developing rechargeable iodine–carbon batteries free from the unsafe lithium/sodium metals, and hence eliminates the long-standing safety issue. The unique architecture of the hierarchically porous graphitic carbon with heteroatom doping not only provides suitable spaces for both iodine encapsulation and cation intercalation but also generates efficient electronic and ionic transport pathways, thus leading to enhanced performance.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00649-7

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