Entanglement of photons in their dual wave-particle nature

Adil S. Rab, Emanuele Polino, Zhong-Xiao Man (), Nguyen Ba An, Yun-Jie Xia, Nicolò Spagnolo, Rosario Lo Franco () and Fabio Sciarrino ()
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Adil S. Rab: Sapienza Università di Roma
Emanuele Polino: Sapienza Università di Roma
Zhong-Xiao Man: Qufu Normal University
Nguyen Ba An: Center for Theoretical Physics, Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
Yun-Jie Xia: Qufu Normal University
Nicolò Spagnolo: Sapienza Università di Roma
Rosario Lo Franco: Università di Palermo
Fabio Sciarrino: Sapienza Università di Roma

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Wave-particle duality is the most fundamental description of the nature of a quantum object, which behaves like a classical particle or wave depending on the measurement apparatus. On the other hand, entanglement represents nonclassical correlations of composite quantum systems, being also a key resource in quantum information. Despite the very recent observations of wave-particle superposition and entanglement, whether these two fundamental traits of quantum mechanics can emerge simultaneously remains an open issue. Here we introduce and experimentally realize a scheme that deterministically generates entanglement between the wave and particle states of two photons. The elementary tool allowing this achievement is a scalable single-photon setup which can be in principle extended to generate multiphoton wave-particle entanglement. Our study reveals that photons can be entangled in their dual wave-particle behavior and opens the way to potential applications in quantum information protocols exploiting the wave-particle degrees of freedom to encode qubits.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01058-6

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