Generalist species drive microbial dispersion and evolution

Sira Sriswasdi (), Ching-chia Yang and Wataru Iwasaki ()
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Sira Sriswasdi: the University of Tokyo
Ching-chia Yang: the University of Tokyo
Wataru Iwasaki: the University of Tokyo

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Microbes form fundamental bases of every Earth ecosystem. As their key survival strategies, some microbes adapt to broad ranges of environments, while others specialize to certain habitats. While ecological roles and properties of such “generalists” and “specialists” had been examined in individual ecosystems, general principles that govern their distribution patterns and evolutionary processes have not been characterized. Here, we thoroughly identified microbial generalists and specialists across 61 environments via meta-analysis of community sequencing data sets and reconstructed their evolutionary histories across diverse microbial groups. This revealed that generalist lineages possess 19-fold higher speciation rates and significant persistence advantage over specialists. Yet, we also detected three-fold more frequent generalist-to-specialist transformations than the reverse transformations. These results support a model of microbial evolution in which generalists play key roles in introducing new species and maintaining taxonomic diversity.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01265-1

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