Ticks parasitised feathered dinosaurs as revealed by Cretaceous amber assemblages

Enrique Peñalver (), Antonio Arillo, Xavier Delclòs, David Peris, David A. Grimaldi, Scott R. Anderson, Paul C. Nascimbene and Ricardo Pérez- de la Fuente ()
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Enrique Peñalver: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
Antonio Arillo: Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense
Xavier Delclòs: Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona
David Peris: Universitat Jaume I
David A. Grimaldi: American Museum of Natural History
Scott R. Anderson: Independent Researcher
Paul C. Nascimbene: American Museum of Natural History
Ricardo Pérez- de la Fuente: Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road

Nature Communications, 2017, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Ticks are currently among the most prevalent blood-feeding ectoparasites, but their feeding habits and hosts in deep time have long remained speculative. Here, we report direct and indirect evidence in 99 million-year-old Cretaceous amber showing that hard ticks and ticks of the extinct new family Deinocrotonidae fed on blood from feathered dinosaurs, non-avialan or avialan excluding crown-group birds. A †Cornupalpatum burmanicum hard tick is entangled in a pennaceous feather. Two deinocrotonids described as †Deinocroton draculi gen. et sp. nov. have specialised setae from dermestid beetle larvae (hastisetae) attached to their bodies, likely indicating cohabitation in a feathered dinosaur nest. A third conspecific specimen is blood-engorged, its anatomical features suggesting that deinocrotonids fed rapidly to engorgement and had multiple gonotrophic cycles. These findings provide insight into early tick evolution and ecology, and shed light on poorly known arthropod–vertebrate interactions and potential disease transmission during the Mesozoic.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01550-z

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