Three-dimensional bicontinuous nanoporous materials by vapor phase dealloying

Zhen Lu, Cheng Li, Jiuhui Han, Fan Zhang, Pan Liu, Hao Wang, Zhili Wang, Chun Cheng, Linghan Chen, Akihiko Hirata, Takeshi Fujita, Jonah Erlebacher and Mingwei Chen ()
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Zhen Lu: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Cheng Li: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Jiuhui Han: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Fan Zhang: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Pan Liu: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Hao Wang: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Zhili Wang: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Chun Cheng: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Linghan Chen: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Akihiko Hirata: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Takeshi Fujita: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
Jonah Erlebacher: The Johns Hopkins University
Mingwei Chen: Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Three-dimensional bicontinuous open (3DBO) nanoporosity has been recognized as an important nanoarchitecture for catalysis, sensing, and energy storage. Dealloying, i.e., selectively removing a component from an alloy, is an efficient way to fabricate nanoporous materials. However, current electrochemical and liquid-metal dealloying methods can only be applied to a limited number of alloys and usually require an etching process with chemical waste. Here, we report a green and universal approach, vapor-phase dealloying, to fabricate nanoporous materials by utilizing the vapor pressure difference between constituent elements in an alloy to selectively remove a component with a high partial vapor pressure for 3DBO nanoporosity. We demonstrate that extensive elements, regardless of chemical activity, can be fabricated as nanoporous materials with tunable pore sizes. Importantly, the evaporated components can be fully recovered. This environmentally friendly dealloying method paves a way to fabricate 3DBO nanoporous materials for a wide range of structural and functional applications.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02167-y

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