Improved security bound for the round-robin-differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution

Zhen-Qiang Yin, Shuang Wang (), Wei Chen (), Yun-Guang Han, Rong Wang, Guang-Can Guo and Zheng-Fu Han
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Zhen-Qiang Yin: University of Science and Technology of China
Shuang Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Wei Chen: University of Science and Technology of China
Yun-Guang Han: University of Science and Technology of China
Rong Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Guang-Can Guo: University of Science and Technology of China
Zheng-Fu Han: University of Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The round-robin-differential-phase-shift (RRDPS) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol has attracted intensive study due to its distinct security characteristics; e.g., information leakage is bounded without learning the error rate of key bits. Nevertheless, its practicality and performance are still not satisfactory. Here, by observing the phase randomization of the encoding states and its connection with eavesdropper’s attack, we develop an improved bound on information leakage. Interestingly, our theory is especially useful for implementations with short trains of pulses, and running without monitoring signal disturbance is still available. As a result, the practicality and performance of RRDPS are improved. Furthermore, we realize a proof-of-principle experiment with up to 140 km of fiber, which has been the longest achievable distance of RRDPS until now, whereas the original theory predicted that no secret key could be generated in our experiment. Our results will help in bringing practical RRDPS closer to practical implementations.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02211-x

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