Ultrafast quantum beats of anisotropic excitons in atomically thin ReS2

Sangwan Sim, Doeon Lee, Artur V. Trifonov, Taeyoung Kim, Soonyoung Cha, Ji Ho Sung, Sungjun Cho, Wooyoung Shim, Moon-Ho Jo () and Hyunyong Choi ()
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Sangwan Sim: Yonsei University
Doeon Lee: Yonsei University
Artur V. Trifonov: St. Petersburg State University
Taeyoung Kim: Yonsei University
Soonyoung Cha: Yonsei University
Ji Ho Sung: Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
Sungjun Cho: Yonsei University
Wooyoung Shim: Yonsei University
Moon-Ho Jo: Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
Hyunyong Choi: Yonsei University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Quantum beats, periodic oscillations arising from coherent superposition states, have enabled exploration of novel coherent phenomena. Originating from strong Coulomb interactions and reduced dielectric screening, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit strongly bound excitons either in a single structure or hetero-counterpart; however, quantum coherence between excitons is barely known to date. Here we observe exciton quantum beats in atomically thin ReS2 and further modulate the intensity of the quantum beats signal. Surprisingly, linearly polarized excitons behave like a coherently coupled three-level system exhibiting quantum beats, even though they exhibit anisotropic exciton orientations and optical selection rules. Theoretical studies are also provided to clarify that the observed quantum beats originate from pure quantum coherence, not from classical interference. Furthermore, we modulate on/off quantum beats only by laser polarization. This work provides an ideal laboratory toward polarization-controlled exciton quantum beats in two-dimensional materials.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02802-8

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