High-performance graphdiyne-based electrochemical actuators

Chao Lu, Ying Yang, Jian Wang, Ruoping Fu, Xinxin Zhao, Lei Zhao, Yue Ming, Ying Hu, Hongzhen Lin (), Xiaoming Tao (), Yuliang Li () and Wei Chen ()
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Chao Lu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ying Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jian Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ruoping Fu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xinxin Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lei Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yue Ming: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ying Hu: Hefei University of Technology
Hongzhen Lin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaoming Tao: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Yuliang Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wei Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Electrochemical actuators directly converting electrical energy to mechanical energy are critically important for artificial intelligence. However, their energy transduction efficiency is always lower than 1.0% because electrode materials lack active units in microstructure, and their assembly systems can hardly express the intrinsic properties. Here, we report a molecular-scale active graphdiyne-based electrochemical actuator with a high electro-mechanical transduction efficiency of up to 6.03%, exceeding that of the best-known piezoelectric ceramic, shape memory alloy and electroactive polymer reported before, and its energy density (11.5 kJ m−3) is comparable to that of mammalian skeletal muscle (~8 kJ m−3). Meanwhile, the actuator remains responsive at frequencies from 0.1 to 30 Hz with excellent cycling stability over 100,000 cycles. Furthermore, we verify the alkene–alkyne complex transition effect responsible for the high performance through in situ sum frequency generation spectroscopy. This discovery sheds light on our understanding of actuation mechanisms and will accelerate development of smart actuators.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03095-1

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