De novo adipocyte differentiation from Pdgfrβ+ preadipocytes protects against pathologic visceral adipose expansion in obesity

Mengle Shao, Lavanya Vishvanath, Napoleon C. Busbuso, Chelsea Hepler, Bo Shan, Ankit X. Sharma, Shiuhwei Chen, Xinxin Yu, Yu A. An, Yi Zhu, William L. Holland and Rana K. Gupta ()
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Mengle Shao: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Lavanya Vishvanath: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Napoleon C. Busbuso: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Chelsea Hepler: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Bo Shan: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Ankit X. Sharma: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Shiuhwei Chen: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Xinxin Yu: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Yu A. An: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Yi Zhu: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
William L. Holland: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Rana K. Gupta: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Pathologic expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) in obesity is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis; however, factors triggering this maladaptive remodeling are largely unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that the potential to recruit new adipocytes from Pdgfrβ+ preadipocytes determines visceral WAT health in obesity. We manipulate levels of Pparg, the master regulator of adipogenesis, in Pdgfrβ+ precursors of adult mice. Increasing the adipogenic capacity of Pdgfrβ+ precursors through Pparg overexpression results in healthy visceral WAT expansion in obesity and adiponectin-dependent improvements in glucose homeostasis. Loss of mural cell Pparg triggers pathologic visceral WAT expansion upon high-fat diet feeding. Moreover, the ability of the TZD class of anti-diabetic drugs to promote healthy visceral WAT remodeling is dependent on mural cell Pparg. These data highlight the protective effects of de novo visceral adipocyte differentiation in these settings, and suggest Pdgfrβ+ adipocyte precursors as targets for therapeutic intervention in diabetes.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03196-x

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