The Gastrodia elata genome provides insights into plant adaptation to heterotrophy

Yuan Yuan (), Xiaohua Jin, Juan Liu, Xing Zhao, Junhui Zhou, Xin Wang, Deyi Wang, Changjiangsheng Lai, Wei Xu, Jingwen Huang, Liangping Zha, Dahui Liu, Xiao Ma, Li Wang, Menyan Zhou, Zhi Jiang, Hubiao Meng, Huasheng Peng, Yuting Liang, Ruiqiang Li, Chao Jiang, Yuyang Zhao, Tiegui Nan, Yan Jin, Zhilai Zhan, Jian Yang, Wenkai Jiang () and Luqi Huang ()
Additional contact information
Yuan Yuan: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Xiaohua Jin: Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS)
Juan Liu: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Xing Zhao: Novogene Bioinformatics Institute
Junhui Zhou: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Xin Wang: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Deyi Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS)
Changjiangsheng Lai: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Wei Xu: Novogene Bioinformatics Institute
Jingwen Huang: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Liangping Zha: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine
Dahui Liu: Hubei University of Chinese Medicine
Xiao Ma: Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS)
Li Wang: Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Menyan Zhou: Novogene Bioinformatics Institute
Zhi Jiang: Novogene Bioinformatics Institute
Hubiao Meng: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Huasheng Peng: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine
Yuting Liang: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Ruiqiang Li: Novogene Bioinformatics Institute
Chao Jiang: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Yuyang Zhao: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Tiegui Nan: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Yan Jin: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Zhilai Zhan: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Jian Yang: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Wenkai Jiang: Novogene Bioinformatics Institute
Luqi Huang: Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract We present the 1.06 Gb sequenced genome of Gastrodia elata, an obligate mycoheterotrophic plant, which contains 18,969 protein-coding genes. Many genes conserved in other plant species have been deleted from the G. elata genome, including most of those for photosynthesis. Additional evidence of the influence of genome plasticity in the adaptation of this mycoheterotrophic lifestyle is evident in the large number of gene families that are expanded in G. elata, including glycoside hydrolases and urease that likely facilitate the digestion of hyphae are expanded, as are genes associated with strigolactone signaling, and ATPases that may contribute to the atypical energy metabolism. We also find that the plastid genome of G. elata is markedly smaller than that of green plant species while its mitochondrial genome is one of the largest observed to date. Our report establishes a foundation for studying adaptation to a mycoheterotrophic lifestyle.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03423-5

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