Designable ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphases of three alkali metal anodes

Yu Gu, Wei-Wei Wang, Yi-Juan Li, Qi-Hui Wu, Shuai Tang, Jia-Wei Yan, Ming-Sen Zheng, Wu De-Yin, Chun-Hai Fan, Wei-Qiang Hu, Zhao-Bin Chen, Yuan Fang, Qing-Hong Zhang, Quan-Feng Dong () and Bing-Wei Mao ()
Additional contact information
Yu Gu: Xiamen University
Wei-Wei Wang: Xiamen University
Yi-Juan Li: Xiamen University
Qi-Hui Wu: Quanzhou Normal University
Shuai Tang: Xiamen University
Jia-Wei Yan: Xiamen University
Ming-Sen Zheng: Xiamen University
Wu De-Yin: Xiamen University
Chun-Hai Fan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wei-Qiang Hu: Xiamen University
Zhao-Bin Chen: Xiamen University
Yuan Fang: Xiamen University
Qing-Hong Zhang: Xiamen University
Quan-Feng Dong: Xiamen University
Bing-Wei Mao: Xiamen University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Dendrite growth of alkali metal anodes limited their lifetime for charge/discharge cycling. Here, we report near-perfect anodes of lithium, sodium, and potassium metals achieved by electrochemical polishing, which removes microscopic defects and creates ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphase layers at metal surfaces for providing a homogeneous environment. Precise characterizations by AFM force probing with corroborative in-depth XPS profile analysis reveal that the ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphase can be designed to have alternating inorganic-rich and organic-rich/mixed multi-layered structure, which offers mechanical property of coupled rigidity and elasticity. The polished metal anodes exhibit significantly enhanced cycling stability, specifically the lithium anodes can cycle for over 200 times at a real current density of 2 mA cm–2 with 100% depth of discharge. Our work illustrates that an ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphase may be robust enough to suppress dendrite growth and thus serve as an initial layer for further improved protection of alkali metal anodes.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03466-8

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