Extraordinary pseudocapacitive energy storage triggered by phase transformation in hierarchical vanadium oxides

Bo-Tian Liu, Xiang-Mei Shi, Xing-You Lang (), Lin Gu, Zi Wen, Ming Zhao and Qing Jiang ()
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Bo-Tian Liu: Jilin University
Xiang-Mei Shi: Jilin University
Xing-You Lang: Jilin University
Lin Gu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zi Wen: Jilin University
Ming Zhao: Jilin University
Qing Jiang: Jilin University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Pseudocapacitance holds great promise for improving energy densities of electrochemical supercapacitors, but state-of-the-art pseudocapacitive materials show capacitances far below their theoretical values and deliver much lower levels of electrical power than carbon-based materials due to poor cation accessibility and/or long-range electron transferability. Here we show that in situ corundum-to-rutile phase transformation in electron-correlated vanadium sesquioxide can yield nonstoichiometric rutile vanadium dioxide layers that are composed of highly sodium ion accessible oxygen-deficiency quasi-hexagonal tunnels sandwiched between conductive rutile slabs. This unique structure serves to boost redox and intercalation kinetics for extraordinary pseudocapacitive energy storage in hierarchical isomeric vanadium oxides, leading to a high specific capacitance of ~1856 F g–1 (almost sixfold that of the pristine vanadium sesquioxide and dioxide) and a bipolar charge/discharge capability at ultrafast rates in aqueous electrolyte. Symmetric wide voltage window pseudocapacitors of vanadium oxides deliver a power density of ~280 W cm–3 together with an exceptionally high volumetric energy density of ~110 mWh cm–3 as well as long-term cycling stability.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03700-3

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