Tuning defects in oxides at room temperature by lithium reduction

Gang Ou, Yushuai Xu, Bo Wen, Rui Lin, Binghui Ge, Yan Tang, Yuwei Liang, Cheng Yang, Kai Huang, Di Zu, Rong Yu, Wenxing Chen, Jun Li, Hui Wu (), Li-Min Liu () and Yadong Li ()
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Gang Ou: Tsinghua University
Yushuai Xu: Tsinghua University
Bo Wen: Beijing Computational Science Research Center
Rui Lin: Tsinghua University
Binghui Ge: Chinese Academy of Science
Yan Tang: Tsinghua University
Yuwei Liang: Tsinghua University
Cheng Yang: Tsinghua University
Kai Huang: Tsinghua University
Di Zu: Tsinghua University
Rong Yu: Tsinghua University
Wenxing Chen: Tsinghua University
Jun Li: Tsinghua University
Hui Wu: Tsinghua University
Li-Min Liu: Beijing Computational Science Research Center
Yadong Li: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Defects can greatly influence the properties of oxide materials; however, facile defect engineering of oxides at room temperature remains challenging. The generation of defects in oxides is difficult to control by conventional chemical reduction methods that usually require high temperatures and are time consuming. Here, we develop a facile room-temperature lithium reduction strategy to implant defects into a series of oxide nanoparticles including titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin dioxide (SnO2), and cerium dioxide (CeO2). Our lithium reduction strategy shows advantages including all-room-temperature processing, controllability, time efficiency, versatility and scalability. As a potential application, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of defective TiO2 is examined. The hydrogen evolution rate increases up to 41.8 mmol g−1 h−1 under one solar light irradiation, which is ~3 times higher than that of the pristine nanoparticles. The strategy of tuning defect oxides used in this work may be beneficial for many other related applications.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03765-0

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